Web / SNMP Intelligent Products
WGSW-801SX
8-Port Gigabit Ethernet Backbone Switch
Using the System Configuration Program
Once a direct connection to the serial port or a Telnet connection is established, the login screen for the on-board configuration program appears as shown below.
If this is your first time to log into the configuration program, then the default usr names are "admin" and "guest", and the passwords are null. The administrator has Read/Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics, while the guest has Read Only access. To open the Main Menu, type "admin" for the user name and press <Enter> for the password.
You should define a password, record it, and put it in a safe place. If you have not already done so, select Security Configuration and enter a password. Note that passwords can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive.
Configuration parameters are described in the following section.
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Based on the default configuration, a user is allowed three attempts to enter the correct password; on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated. |
With the system configuration program you can define system
parameters, manage the switch and all its ports, or monitor network conditions.
The figure below of the Main Menu and the following table briefly describe the
selections available from this program.
|
Options for the currently selected
item are displayed in the highlighted area at the bottom of the
interface screen. |
Menu |
Description |
|
System Information Menu |
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|
System Information |
Provides basic system description, including contact information. |
|
Switch Information |
Shows hardware/firmware version numbers, and power status. |
Management Setup Menu |
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|
Network Configuration |
Includes IP setup, Ping facility, Access Host configuration, HTTP (Webagent) setup, Telnet configuration, and MAC address. |
|
Serial Port Configuration |
Sets communication parameters for the serial port, including management mode, baud rate, console time-out, and screen data refresh interval. |
|
SNMP Configuration |
Activates traps; and configures communities and trap managers. |
|
Console Login Configuration |
Sets user names and passwords for system access, as well as the invalid password threshold and lockout time. |
|
TFTP Download |
Downloads new version of firmware to update your system (in-band). |
Device Control Menu |
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|
Port Configuration |
Enables any port, enables/disables flow control, and sets communication mode to auto-negotiation, full duplex or half duplex. |
|
Port Information |
Displays operational status, including link state, flow control method, and duplex mode. |
|
Spanning Tree Configuration |
Enables Spanning Tree Algorithm; also sets parameters for hello time,maximum message age, switch priority, and forward delay; as well asport priority, path cost and Fast STA mode. |
|
Spanning Tree Information |
Displays full listing of parameters for the Spanning Tree Algorithm. |
|
Port Mirror Configuration |
Sets the source and target ports for mirroring. |
|
IGMP Configuration |
Configures IGMP multicast filtering. |
|
|
Broadcast Storm Control |
Sets the broadcast-rate threshold at which broadcast packets are discarded. |
|
Extended Bridge Configuration |
Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch. |
|
802.1P Configuration |
Configures default port priorities and queue assignments. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Base Information |
Displays basic VLAN information, such as VLAN version number, maximum VLAN ID, maximum VLANs supported, and the current number of VLANs configured. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information |
Displays VLAN groups and port members. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration |
Configures VLAN groups via static assignments, including setting port members, or restricting ports from being dynamically added to a port by the GVRP protocol. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration |
Displays/configures port-specific VLAN settings, including PVID, ingress filtering, and GVRP. |
|
Port GARP Configuration* |
Configures settings used in multicast filtering. |
Network Monitor Menu |
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|
Port Statistics |
Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port. |
|
RMON Statistics |
Displays detailed statistical information for the selected port such as packet type and frame size counters. |
|
Unicast Address Table |
Provides full listing for unicast addresses, as well as search and clear functions. |
|
IP Multicast Registration Table |
Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLAN IDs. |
|
Static Unicast Address Table Configuration |
Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. |
|
Restart System |
Restarts system with options to use POST, or to retain factory defaults, IP settings, or user authentication settings. |
|
System Restart |
Restarts system with options to use POST, or to retain factory defaults, IP settings, or user authentication settings. |
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Exit |
Exits the configuration program. |
Device Control Menu |
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|
Port Configuration |
Enables any port, enables/disables flow control, and sets communication mode to auto-negotiation, full duplex or half duplex. |
|
Port Information |
Displays operational status, including link state, flow control method, and duplex mode. |
|
Spanning Tree Configuration |
Enables Spanning Tree Algorithm; also sets parameters for hello time, maximum message age, switch priority, and forward delay; as well as port priority, path cost, and fast forwarding. |
|
Spanning Tree Information |
Displays full listing of parameters for the Spanning Tree Algorithm. |
|
Port Mirror Configuration |
Sets the source and target ports for mirroring. |
|
Port Trunking Configuration |
Specifies ports to group into aggregate trunks. |
|
IGMP Configuration |
Configures IGMP multicast filtering. |
|
Extended Bridge Configuration |
Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch. |
|
802.1P Configuration |
Configures default port priorities and queue assignments. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Base Information |
Displays basic VLAN information, such as VLAN version number and maximum VLANs supported. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information |
Displays VLAN groups and port members. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration |
Configures VLAN groups via static assignments, including setting port members, or restricting ports from being dynamically added to a port by the GVRP protocol. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration |
Displays/configures port-specific VLAN settings, including PVID, ingress filtering, and GVRP. |
|
Port GARP Configuration* |
Configures settings used in multicast filtering. |
|
Port GMRP Configuration* |
Configures GMRP multicast filtering. |
Network Monitor Menu |
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|
Port Statistics |
Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port. |
|
RMON Statistics |
Displays detailed statistical information for the selected port such as packet type and frame size counters. |
|
Unicast Address Table |
Provides full listing for unicast addresses, as well as search and clear functions. |
|
Multicast Address Registration Table* |
Provides full listing for multicast addresses, as well as search and clear Provides full listing for multicast addresses, as well as search and clear |
|
IP Multicast Registration Table |
Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLAN IDs. |
|
Static Unicast Address Table Configuration |
Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. |
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Static Multicast Address Table Configuration* |
Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the multicast table. |
Restart System |
Restarts system with options to use POST, or to retain factory defaults, IP settings, or user authentication settings. |
|
Exit |
Exits the configuration program. |
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Use the System Information Menu to display a basic description of the switch, including contact information, and hardware/firmware versions.
7.2.1 Displaying System Information
Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
System Description |
System hardware description. |
|
System Object ID |
MIB II object identifier for switch¡¦ network management subsystem. |
|
System Up Time |
Length of time the current management agent has been running. (Note that the first value is 1/100 seconds.) |
|
System Name 1 |
Name assigned to the switch system. |
|
System Contact 1 |
Contact person for the system. |
|
System Location 1 |
Specifies the area or location where the system resides. |
7.2.2 Displaying Version Information
Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers,as well as the power status.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Hardware Version |
Hardware version of the main board. |
|
POST ROM Version |
Power-On Self-Test version number. |
|
Firmware Version |
System firmware version in ROM. |
|
Serial Number1 |
Serial number of the main board. |
|
Port Number |
Number of ports. |
|
Internal Power Status 1 |
Indicates if the primary power is active or inactive. |
|
Redundant Power Status 1 |
Indicates if the redundant power is active or inactive. |
After initially logging onto the system, adjust the communication parameters for your console to ensure a reliable connection (Console Configuration menu). Specify the Ethernet and IP addresses for the SNMP agent (IP Configuration menu), and then set the Administrator and User passwords (Console Login Configuration menu). Remember to record them in a safe place. Also set the community string which controls access to the on-board SNMP agent via in-band management software (SNMP Configuration menu). The items provided by the Management Setup Menu are described in the following sections.
7.3.1 Changing the Network Configuration
Use the Network Configuration menu to set the bootup option, configure the switch's Internet Protocol (IP) parameters, enable the on-board Web agent, or enable Telnet access. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
IP Configuration |
Screen used to set the bootup option, or configure the switch's IP parameters for the Ethernet |
|
IP Connectivity Test (Ping) |
Screen used to test IP connectivity to a specified device. |
|
Access Host Configuration |
Screen used to restrict access to the host switch to |
|
HTTP Configuration |
Screen used to enable/disable |
|
MAX Number of Allowed Telnet Sessions |
The maximum number of Telnet sessions allowed to simultaneously access the SNMP agent. Up to four sessions are supported. |
|
MAC Address |
Physical address of the SNMP agent. |
Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, or configure the switch's IP parameters. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Interface Type |
Indicates IP over Ethernet. |
|
IP Address 1 |
IP address of the switch you
are managing when accessing the SNMP agent over the network.
The management agent supports SNMP over UDP/IP transport protocol.
In this environment, all systems on the Internet, such as network
interconnection devices and any PC accessing the agent (or running
AccView) are assigned an IP address. |
|
Subnet Mask1 |
Subnet mask of the SNMP agent. This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets. |
|
Default Gateway 1 |
Gateway used to pass trap messages from the switch¡¦s agent to the management station. Note that the gateway must be defined if the management station is located in a different IP segment. |
|
IP State |
Specifies whether IP functionality
is enabled via manual configuration, or set by Boot Protocol
(BOOTP). Options include: |
7.3.1.2 IP Connectivity Test (Ping)
Use the IP Connectivity Test to see if another site on the Internet can be reached. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
IP Address |
IP address of the site you want to ping. |
|
Test Times |
The number of ICMP echo requests to send to the specified site. (1~1000) |
|
Interval |
The interval (in seconds) between pinging the specified site. (1~ 10 |
|
Success/Failure |
The number of times the specified site has responded or not to pinging. |
7.3.1.3 Access Host Configuration
Use the Access Host Configuration screen to restrict management access to the host switch to specified subnets. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
IP Address Match |
IP address of a subnet that is allowed management access to the host switch. Up to five subnets can be specified. |
|
IP Mask |
The IP mask that identifies the subnet. |
Use the HTTP Configuration screen to enable/disable the on-board Web agent, and to specify the TCP port that will provide HTTP service. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
HTTP Server |
Enables/disables the on-board Web agent. |
|
HTTP Port Number |
Specifies the TCP port that will provide HTTP service. (Range is 0~65535. Default is Port 80. Telnet Port 23 is prohibited.) |
7.3.2 Configuring the Serial Port
You can access the on-board configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the switch's serial port. For more information on connecting to this port, refer to the section on Making the Connections Required for System Configuration. The communication parameters for this port are accessed from the Serial Port Configuration screen seen below and described in the following table.
|
Parameter |
Default |
Description |
|
Management Mode |
Console Mode |
Indicates if the console port settings are for direct console connection. |
|
Baud Rate |
19200 |
The rate at which data is sent between devices. (Options: 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400,
57600, 115200 bps, and Auto detection). |
|
Databits |
8 bits |
Sets the data bits of the RS-232 port. (Options: 7, 8) |
|
Stopbits |
1 bit |
Sets the stop bits of the RS-232 port. (Options: 1, 2) |
|
Parity |
none |
Sets the parity of the RS-232 port. (Options: none/odd/even) |
|
Time-Out |
0 minutes |
If no input is received from the attached device after this interval (in minutes), the current session is automatically closed. (Range: 0 -100 minutes; where 0 indicates disabled.) |
|
Auto Refresh |
0 sec. |
Sets the interval before a console session will auto refresh the console information, including Spanning Tree Information, Port Configuration, Port Statistics, and RMON Statistics.(Range: 0, or 5 - 255 seconds; where 0 indicates disabled.) |
7.3.3 Assigning SNMP Parameters
Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an on-board SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights to the on-board agent are controlled by community strings. To communicate with the switch, the NMS must first submit a valid community string for authentication. The options for configuring community strings and related trap functions are described in the following figures and table:
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
SNMP Administration |
Enables/disables the SNMP function of the agent. |
|
Send Authentication Fail Traps |
Issue a trap message to specified IP trap managers whenever authentication of an SNMP request fails. (The default is disabled.) |
|
Send Link Up/Link Down Traps |
Issue a trap message to specified IP trap managers whenever a link changes its up/down state. (The default is enabled.) |
|
SNMP Communities |
Assigns SNMP access based on specified community strings. |
|
IP Trap Managers |
Specifies management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. |
7.3.3.1 Configuring Community Names
The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings authorized for trap management access. All community strings used for IP Trap Managers must be listed in this table. Up to 5 community names may be entered.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Community Name |
A community entry authorized for trap management access. (The maximum string length is 20 characters). |
|
Access |
Management access is restricted to Read Only or Read/Write. |
|
Status |
Sets administrative status of entry to enabled or disabled. |
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This switch has default community strings of "public" with read only access and "private" with read/write access |
7.3.3.2 Configuring IP Trap Managers
The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. Note that all community strings used for IP Trap Managers must be listed in the SNMP Communities table. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
IP Address |
IP address of the trap manager. |
|
Community Name |
A community specified in the SNMP Communities table. |
|
Status |
Sets administrative status of entry to enabled or disabled. |
7.3.4 Console Login Configuration
Use the Management Setup: Console Login Configuration to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords, or to set the invalid password threshold and timeout. There are two user types, Administrator and Guest. Only the Administrator has write access for parameters governing the SNMP agent. You should therefore assign a user name and password to the Administrator as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place. (If for some reason your password is lost, or you can not gain access to the System Configuration Program, contact your PLANET distributor for assistance.) The parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.
|
Parameter |
Default |
Description |
|
Password Threshold |
3 |
Sets the password intrusion threshold which limits the number of failed logon attempts. (Range: 0~65535) |
|
Lock-out Time |
0 |
The time (in seconds) the management console will be disabled due to an excessive number of failed logon attempts. (Range: 0~65535) |
|
Admin 1 |
name: admin password: null |
Administrator has access privilege of Read/Write for all screens. |
|
Guest 1 |
name: guest password: null |
Guest has access privilege of Read Only for all screens. |
7.3.5 Downloading System Software
Using TFTP Protocol to Download Over the Network Use the TFTP Download menu to load software updates into the switch. The download file should be a binary file; otherwise the agent will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After downloading the new software, the agent will automatically restart itself. Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Download Server IP |
IP address of a TFTP server. |
|
Download Filename |
The binary file to download to the SNMP agent. |
|
Download Mode |
You can download to ¡§Permanent¡¨ flash ROM or ¡§Temporary¡¨ storage in RAM (for test purposes). Note that if you download to temporary memory, this firmware will be lost upon power off. |
|
Process TFTP Download |
Issues request to TFTP server to download the specified file. |
|
You can also download firmware using the Web agent or a direct console connection. |
The Device Control menu is used to set the communication parameters for individual ports, and to fine-tune the performance of your switch by adjusting the forwarding mode, flow control, and specific Spanning Tree parameters. Configuration menus are also provided for advanced functions, such as Virtual LANs, and port mirroring. Each of the setup screens provided by the configuration menus is described in the following sections.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Port Configuration |
Sets communication parameters for ports. |
|
Port Information |
Displays current port settings and port status. |
|
Spanning Tree Configuration |
Configures the switch and its ports to participate in a Spanning Tree. |
|
Spanning Tree Information |
Displays the current Spanning Tree configuration for the switch. |
|
Mirror Port Configuration |
Sets the source and target ports for mirroring. |
|
IGMP Configuration |
Configures IGMP multicast filtering. |
|
Broadcast Storm Control |
Configures the threshold at which broadcast packets are discarded. |
|
Extended Bridge Configuration |
Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch, including support for traffic classes, and VLAN extensions. |
|
802.1P Configuration |
Configures default port priorities and queue assignments. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Base Information |
Displays basic VLAN information, such as VLAN version number and maximum VLANs supported. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information |
Displays VLAN groups and port members. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration |
Configures VLAN groups via static assignments, including setting port members. |
|
802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration |
Displays/configures port-specific VLAN settings, including PVID and ingress filtering. |
|
This switch does not support trunking, GVRP or GMRP. Therefore, the Port Trunking, Port GARP, and Port GMRP configuration menus are not accessible from this screen. |
7.4.1 Configuring Port Parameters
Use the Port Configuration menus to configure any port on the switch.
|
Parameter |
Default |
Description |
|
Type |
|
Shows port type as 1000BASE-SX. |
|
Admin |
ENABLED |
Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior (e.g., excessive collisions), and then re-enable it after the problem has been resolved. You may also disable a port for security reasons. |
|
Flow Control |
ON |
Used to enable or disable flow control. Flow control can eliminate frame loss by ¡§blocking¡¨ traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. Back pressure is used for half duplex and IEEE 802.3x for full duplex. Note that flow control should not be used if a port is connected to a hub. |
|
Speed and Duplex |
1000-FULL |
Indicates the current port speed and duplex mode (1000-FULL or AUTO). Although ports on the switch can be set for auto-negotiation, operation is restricted to 1000 Mbps, full duplex. |
7.4.2 Viewing the Current Port Configuration
The Port Information screen displays the port type, status, link state, and flow control in use. To change any of the port settings, use the configuration menu.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Type |
Shows port type as 1000BASE-SX. |
|
Operational |
Shows if the port is functioning or not. |
|
Link |
Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device. |
|
FlowControl InUse |
Shows the flow control type in use. Flow control can eliminate frame loss by ¡§blocking¡¨ traffic from end stations connected directly to the switch. IEEE 802.3x flow control is used for full duplex. |
|
Speed and DuplexInUse |
Displays the current port speed and duplex mode used. |
7.4.3 Using the Spanning Tree Algorithm
The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network. For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm, refer to "Spanning Tree Algorithm".
7.4.3.1 Configuring Bridge STA
The following figure and table describe Bridge STA configuration.
|
Parameter |
Default |
Description |
|
Spanning Tree Protocol |
Enabled |
Enable this parameter to participate in an STA-compliant network. |
|
Hello Time |
2 |
Time interval (in seconds) at
which the root device transmits a configuration message. |
|
Max (Message) Age |
20 |
The maximum time (in seconds)
a device can wait without receiving a configuration message
before attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for
designated ports) should receive configuration messages at regular
intervals. Any port that ages out STA information (provided
in the last configuration message) becomes the designated port
for the attached LAN. If it is a root port, a new root port
is selected from among the device ports attached to the network. |
|
Priority |
32,768 |
Device priority is used in selecting
the root device, root port, and designated port. The device
with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. If all
devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC
address will then become the root device. |
|
Forward Delay |
15 |
The maximum time (in seconds)
the root device will wait before changing states (i.e., listening
to learning to forwarding). This delay is required because every
device must receive information about topology changes before
it starts to forward frames. In addition, each port needs time
to listen for conflicting information that would make it return
to a blocking state; otherwise, temporary data loops might result.
|
7.4.3.2 Configuring STA for Ports
The following figure and table describe STA configuration for ports.
|
Parameter |
Default |
Description |
|
Type |
|
Shows port type as 1000BASE-SX. |
|
Priority |
128 |
Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree. Where more than one port is assigned the highest priority, the port with lowest numeric identifier will be enabled. The range is 0 - 255. |
|
(Path) Cost |
100/19/4 |
This parameter is used by the
STA algorithm to determine the best path between devices. Therefore,
lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster
media, and higher values assigned to ports with slower media.
|
|
Fast STA Mode |
DISABLED |
This parameter is used to enable/disabled
the Fast Spanning Tree mode. In this mode, ports skip the Blocked,
Listening and Learning states and proceed straight to Forwarding.
|
7.4.4 Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Configuration
The Spanning Tree Information screen displays a summary of the STA information for the overall bridge or for a specific port. To make any changes to the parameters for the Spanning Tree, use the Spanning Tree Configuration menu. Also note that this screen cannot be accessed unless you have already enabled the Spanning Tree Algorithm via the STA Bridge Configuration menu.
7.4.4.1 Displaying the Current Bridge STA
The parameters shown in the following figure and table describe the current Bridge STA Information.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Priority |
Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device. |
|
Hello Time |
The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message. |
|
Max Age |
The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure. |
|
Forward Delay |
The maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before changing states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding). |
|
Hold Time |
The minimum interval between the transmission of consecutive Configuration BPDUs. |
|
Designated Root |
The priority and MAC address of the device in the spanning tree that this switch has accepted as the root device. |
|
Root Cost |
The path cost from the root port on this switch to the root device. |
|
Root Port |
The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root. This switch communicates with the root device through this port. If there is no root port, then this switch has been accepted as the root device of the spanning tree network. |
|
Reconfig Counts |
The number of times the spanning tree has been reconfigured. |
|
Topology Up Time |
The time since the spanning tree was last reconfigured. |
7.4.4.2 Displaying the Current STA for Ports
The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA Information.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
|
Type |
Shows port type as 1000SX (1000BASE-SX). |
|
|
Status |
Displays the current state of this port within the spanning tree: |
|
|
Status |
Disabled |
Port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics. |
|
Blocked |
Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not forward packets. |
|
|
Listening |
Port will leave blocking state due to topology change, starts transmitting configuration messages, but does not yet forward packets. |
|
|
Learning |
Has transmitted configuration messages for an interval set by the Forward Delay parameter without receiving contradictory information. Port address table is cleared, and the port begins learning addresses. |
|
|
Forwarding |
The port forwards packets, and continues learning addresses. |
|
|
The rules defining port status are:
|
||
|
Designated Cost |
The cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current spanning tree configuration. The slower the media, the higher the cost. |
|
|
Designated Bridge (ID) |
The priority and MAC address of the device through which this port must communicate to reach the root of the spanning tree. |
|
|
Designated Port (ID) |
The port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must communicate with the root of the spanning tree. |
|
7.4.5 Using a Mirror Port for Analysis
You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner. When mirroring port traffic, note that the target port must be included in the same VLAN as the source port. (See Configuring Virtual LANs.) You can use the Mirror Port Configuration screen to designate a single port pair for mirroring as shown below:
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Mirror Source Port |
The port whose traffic will be monitored. |
|
Mirror Target Port |
The port that will ¡§duplicate¡¨ or ¡§mirror¡¨ all the traffic happening on the monitored port. |
|
Status |
Enables or disables the mirror function. |
7.4.6 IGMP Multicast Filtering
Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch/router. Although this approach reduces the network overhead required by a multicast server, the broadcast traffic must be carefully pruned at every multicast switch/router it passes through to ensure that traffic is only passed on the hosts which subscribed to this service.
This switch uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to query for any attached hosts who want to receive a specific multicast service. The switch looks up the IP Multicast Group used for this service and adds any port which received a similar request to that group. It then propagates the service request on to any neighboring multicast switch/router to ensure that it will continue to receive the multicast service. (For more information, see "IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering" )
This protocol allows a host to inform its local switch/router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group. You can use the IGMP Configuration screen to configure multicast filtering shown below:
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
IGMP Status |
If enabled, the switch will monitor network traffic to determine which hosts want to receive multicast traffic. |
|
Act as IGMP Querier |
If enabled, the switch can serve as the ¡§querier,¡¨ which is responsible for asking hosts is they want to receive multicast traffic. (Not implemented in the current firmware release.) |
|
IGMP Query Count |
The maximum number of queries issued for which there has been no response before the switch takes action to solicit reports. |
|
IGMP Report Delay |
The time (in minutes) between receiving an IGMP Report for an IP multicast address on a port before the switch sends an IGMP Query out that port and removes the entry from its list. |
|
The default values are indicated in the sample screen. |
Use the Broadcast Storm Control menu to enable/disable broadcast suppression on a per-port basis. You can also set the packet-per-second threshold above which broadcast packets will be discarded. The parameters are shown in the following figure and table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Filtering Status |
Enables/disables Broadcast Storm Control for the port. When enabled, broadcast packets are discarded if the threshold rate is exceeded. |
|
Filtering Threshold |
The threshold rate above which broadcast packets are discarded. The default is 10240 packets per second. (Range is 1024 - 353,422 pps.) |
7.4.8 Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions
The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LANs. To configure these extensions, use the Extended Bridge Configuration screen as shown below:
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
|
Bridge Capability |
||
|
|
Extended Multicast Filtering Services |
This switch does not support filtering of individual multicast addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol). |
|
|
Traffic Classes |
This switch provides the mapping of user priorities to multiple traffic classes. (Refer to 802.1P Configuration.) |
|
|
Static Entry Individual Port |
This switch allows static filtering for unicast and multicast addresses. (Refer to Network Monitor Menu / Static Unicast Address Table Configuration and Static Multicast Address Table Configuration.) |
|
|
VLAN Learning |
This switch uses Independent VLAN Learning (IVL), whereby each port maintains its own VLAN filtering database. |
|
|
Configurable PVID Tagging |
This switch allows you to override the default PVID setting (Port VLAN ID used in frame tags) and its egress status (VLAN-Tagged or Untagged) on each port. (Refer to 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration.) |
|
|
Local VLAN Capable |
This switch does not support multiple local bridges (that is, multiple Spanning Trees). |
|
Bridge Settings |
||
|
|
Traffic Class |
Multiple traffic classes are supported by this switch as indicated under Bridge Capabilities. However, the switch supports just two priority queues and only the default port priority can be configured. The switch does not support the configuration of traffic class mapping. Therefore, this parameter under Bridge Settings is set to False and cannot be enabled. |
|
This switch does not support GVRP or GMRP. Therefore, the GVRP and GMRP parameters are always disabled. |
7.4.9 Configuring Traffic Classes
IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic classes. This switch supports Quality of Service (QoS) by using two priority queues, with weighted fair queuing for each port. You can use the 802.1P Configuration menu to configure the default priority for each port, or to display the mapping for the traffic classes as described in the following sections.
7.4.9.1 Port Priority Configuration
The default priority for all ingress ports is zero. Therefore, any inbound frames that do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority output queue. Default priority is only used to determine the output queue for the current port; no priority tag is actually added to the frame. You can use the 802.1P Port Priority Configuration menu to adjust default priority for any port as shown below:
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Port |
Numeric identifier for switch port. |
|
Default Ingress User Priority |
Default priority can be set to any value from 0~7, where 0~3 specifies the low priority queue and 4~7 specifies the high priority queue. |
|
Number of Egress Traffic Classes |
Indicates that this switch supports two priority output queues. |
7.4.9.2 802.1p Port Traffic Class Information
This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress. This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0~3 are sent to the low priority queue "0" while those from 4~7 are sent to the high priority queue "1" as shown in the following screen:
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Port |
Numeric identifier for switch port. |
|
User Priority |
Shows that user priorities 0~3 specify the low priority queue and 4~7 specify the high priority queue. |
7.4.A Configuring Virtual LANs
You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 16 LAN groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains. Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains. This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle traffic such as IPX or NetBeui. By using IEEE 802.1Q compliant VLANs, you can organize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains, confining broadcast traffic to the originating group. This also provides a more secure and cleaner network environment. For more information on how to use VLANs, see "Virtual LANs". The VLAN configuration screens are described in the following sections.
7.4.A.1 802.1Q VLAN Base Information
The 802.1Q VLAN Base Information screen displays basic information
on the
VLAN type supported by this switch.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
VLAN Version Number |
The VLAN version used by this switch as specified in the IEEE 802.1Q standard. |
|
MAX VLAN ID |
Maximum VLAN ID recognized by this switch. |
|
MAX Supported VLANs |
Maximum number of VLANs that can be configured on this switch. |
|
Current Number of VLANs Configured |
The number of VLANs currently configured on this switch. |
7.4.A.2 802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information
This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches should use VLAN tagging. However, if you just want to create a small port-based VLAN for one or two switches, you can assign ports to the same untagged VLAN. The current configuration is shown in the following screen.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Deleted VLAN Entry Counts |
The number of times a VLAN entry has been deleted from this table. |
|
Creation Time |
The value of sysUpTime (System Up Time) when this VLAN was created. |
|
Status |
Shows that this VLAN was added to the switch as a static entry. |
|
Current Egress Ports |
Shows the ports which have been added to the displayed VLAN group, where "1" indicates that a port is a member and " 0" that it is not. |
|
Current Untagged Ports |
If a port has been added to the displayed VLAN (see Current Egress Ports), its entry in this field will be "1" if the port is untagged or "0" if tagged. |
|
Sorted by VID |
The VID number where the table display starts. |
|
[Show] |
Displays the members for the VLAN indicated by the "Sorted by VID¡¨ field. |
|
[More] |
Displays any subsequent VLANs if configured. |
7.4.A.3 802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration
Use this screen to create a new VLAN or modify the settings for an existing VLAN. Note that all ports can only belong to one untagged VLAN. This is set to VLAN 1 by default, but can be changed via the 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration screen.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
VID |
The ID for the VLAN currently displayed. Range: 1-2048 |
|
VLAN Name |
A user-specified symbolic name for this VLAN. String length: Up to 8 alphanumeric characters |
|
Status |
Sets the current editing status for this VLAN as: Not in Service, Destroy, or Active. |
|
Unit |
Stack unit. |
|
Egress Ports |
Set the entry for any port in this field to "1" to add it to the displayed VLAN, or "0" to remove it from the VLAN. |
|
Forbidden Egress Ports |
Prevents a port from being automatically added to this VLAN via GVRP. Note that GVRP is not supported by this switch. |
|
[Show] |
Displays settings for the specified VLAN. |
|
[More] |
Displays consecutively numbered VLANs. |
|
[New] |
Sets up the screen for configuring a new VLAN. |
For example, the following screen displays settings for VLAN 2, which includes tagged ports 1-6, and forbidden port 8.
7.4.A.4 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration
Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN features.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
PVID |
The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port. Use thePVID to assign ports to the same untagged VLAN. |
|
Acceptable Frame Type |
This switch accepts ¡§All¡¨ frame types, including VLAN tagged or VLAN untagged frames. Note that all VLAN untagged frames received on this port are assigned to the PVID for this port. |
|
Ingress Filtering |
If set to ¡§True,¡¨ incoming frames for VLANs which do not include this port in their member set will be discarded at the inbound port. |
|
This switch does not support GVRP. Therefore, the GVRP Status parameter is set to disabled and cannot be enabled. The other GVRP parameters will always display zeros. |
The Network Monitor Menu provides access to port statistics, RMON statistics, IP multicast addresses, and the static (unicast) address table. Each of the screens provided by these menus is described in the following sections.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Port Statistics |
Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port. |
|
RMON Statistics |
Displays detailed statistical information for the selected port such as packet type and frame size counters. |
|
Unicast Address Table |
Provides full listing of all unicast addresses stored in the switch, as well as sort, search and clear functions. |
|
Multicast Address Registration Table |
Displays the ports that belong to each GMRP Multicast group. (Not implemented for this switch.) |
|
IP Multicast Registration Table |
Displays the ports that belong to each IP Multicast group. |
|
Static Unicast Address Table Configuration |
Allows you to display or configure static unicast addresses. |
|
Static Multicast Address Table Configuration |
Allows you to display or configure static GMRP multicast addresses. (Not implemented for this switch.) |
|
This switch does not support GMRP. Therefore, both the Multicast Address Registration Table and the Static Multicast Address Table Configuration items are not accessible. |
7.5.1 Displaying Port Statistics
Port Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port. Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed. This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading). The values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot.
The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Alignment Errors |
For 10 Mbps ports, this counter records alignment errors (mis-synchronized data packets). For 100 Mbps ports, this counter records the sum of alignment errors and code errors (frames received with rxerror signal). |
|
FCS Errors |
The number of frames received that are an integral number of octets in length but do not pass the FCS check. |
|
Single Collision Frames 1 |
The number of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision. |
|
Multiple Collision Frames1 |
A count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by more that one collision. |
|
SQE Test Errors 1 |
A count of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated by the PLS sublayer. |
|
Deferred Transmissions1 |
A count of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a particular interface is delayed because the medium was busy. |
|
Late Collisions |
The number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into the transmission of a packet. |
|
Excessive Collisions 1 |
The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive collisions. |
|
Internal Mac Transmit Errors 1 |
The number of frames for which transmission failed due to an internal MAC sublayer transmit error. |
|
Carrier Sense Errors 1 |
The number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or never asserted when attempting to transmit a frame. |
|
Frames Too Long |
The number of frames received that exceed the maximum permitted frame size. |
|
Internal Mac Receive Errors1 |
The number of frames for which reception failed due to an internal MAC sublayer receive error. |
7.5.1.1 Displaying RMON Statistics
Use the RMON Statistics screen to display RMON Group 1 statistics for each port. (RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software such as SNMPc.) The following screen displays overall statistics on traffic passing through each port. RMON statistics provides access to a broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types passing through each port. Values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Drop Events |
The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of resources. |
|
Receive Bytes |
Total number of data bytes received on the network. This statistic can be used as a reasonable indication of Ethernet utilization. |
|
Received Frames |
The total number of frames (bad, broadcast and multicast) received. |
|
Broadcast Frames |
The total number of good frames received that were directed to the broadcast address. Note that this does not include multicast packets. |
|
Multicast Frames |
The total number of good frames received that were directed to this multicast address. |
|
CRC/Alignment Errors |
For 1000Mbps ports, the counter records the sum of CRC/alignment errors and code errors (frame received with rxerror signal). |
|
Undersize Frames |
The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise well formed. |
|
Oversize Frames |
The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise well formed. |
|
Fragments |
The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and had either an FCS or alignment error. |
|
Jabbers |
The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets), and had either an FCS or alignment error. |
|
Collisions |
The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet segment. |
|
64 Byte Frames |
The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). |
|
65-127 Byte Frames |
The total number of frames (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 65 and 127 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). |
|
128-255 Byte Frames |
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 128 and 255 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). |
|
256-511 Byte Frames |
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 256 and 511 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). |
|
512-1023 Byte Frames |
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). |
|
1024-1518 Byte Frames |
The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 1024 and 1518 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). |
7.5.1.2 Using the Address Table
The Address Table contains the MAC addresses and VLAN identifiier associated with each port (that is, the source port associated with the address and VLAN). The address table provides search options for a specific port, address or VLAN identifier. You can also clear the entire address table, or information associated with a specific port, address, or VLAN identifier; or set the aging time for deleting inactive entries. The information displayed in the Address Table is indicated in the following figure and table.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
Aging Time |
Time-out period in seconds for
aging out dynamically learned forwarding information. |
|
Dynamic Count |
The number of dynamically learned addresses in the table. |
|
Static Count |
The number of static addresses in the table. |
|
MAC |
The MAC address of a node. |
|
VID |
The VLAN(s) associated with this address or port. |
|
Port |
The port whose address table includes this MAC address. |
|
Status |
Indicates address status as:
|
|
[Show] |
Displays the address table based on specified VLAN ID, and sorted by primary key MAC or VID. |
|
[More] |
Scrolls through the entries in the address table. |
|
[Clear] |
Clears the specified MAC address. |
|
[Clear All] |
Clears all MAC addresses in the table. |
7.5.2 Displaying the IP Multicast Registration Table
Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
VID |
VLAN ID assigned to this multicast group. |
|
Multicast IP |
IP address for specific multicast services. |
|
Dynamic Port Lists |
The switch ports registered for the indicated multicast service. |
|
Learned by |
Indicates the manner in which this address was learned: Dynamic or IGMP |
|
[Show] |
Displays the address table sorted on VID and then Multicast IP. |
|
[More] |
Scrolls through the entries in the address table. |
7.5.3 Configuring Static Unicast Addresses
Use the Static Unicast Address Table Configuration screen to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. You can use this screen to associate a MAC address with a specific VLAN ID and switch port as shown below.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
VID |
The VLAN group this port is assigned to. |
|
MAC Address |
The MAC address of a host device attached to this switch. |
|
Port |
The port the host device is attached to. |
|
Status |
The status for an entry can be
set to: |
|
[Show] |
Displays the static address table sorted on VID as the primary key and MAC address as secondary key. |
|
[More] |
Scrolls through entries in the static address table. |
|
[Set] |
Adds the specified entry to the
static address table, such as shown in the following example:
|
Use the System Restart Menu under the Main Menu to reset the management agent. The reset screen also includes an option to return all configuration parameters to their factory defaults.
|
Parameter |
Description |
|
POST |
Runs the Power-On Self-Test. |
|
Reload Factory Defaults |
Reloads the factory defaults. |
|
Keep IP Setting |
Retains the settings defined in the IP Configuration menu. |
|
Keep User Authentication |
Retains the user names and passwords defined in the Console Login Configuration menu. |
|
[Restart] |
Restarts the switch. |
7.7 Logging Off the System
Use the Exit command under the Main Menu to exit the configuration program and terminate communications with the switch for the current session.
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 2001, Planet Technology Corp. |
